"Jameson" meaning in All languages combined

See Jameson on Wiktionary

Proper name [English]

IPA: /ˈd͡ʒeɪməsən/ Forms: Jamesons [plural]
Etymology: Etymology tree English James Proto-Indo-European *sew-? Proto-Indo-European *sewH- Proto-Indo-European *suHnús Proto-Germanic *sunuz Proto-West Germanic *sunu Old English sunu Middle English sone Middle English -son English -son English Jameson From James + -son. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|James|-son|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English James Proto-Indo-European *sew-? Proto-Indo-European *sewH- Proto-Indo-European *suHnús Proto-Germanic *sunuz Proto-West Germanic *sunu Old English sunu Middle English sone Middle English -son English -son English Jameson [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*sunuz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*sunu", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "sunu", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "sone", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-son", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-son", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "Jameson", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="Jameson"> From James + -son. Head templates: {{en-prop|~}} Jameson (countable and uncountable, plural Jamesons)
  1. A Scottish and Northern Irish surname originating as a patronymic derived from the given name James. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-Jameson-en-name-mcEPt4q3 Categories (other): English surnames, English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English terms suffixed with -son Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 18 16 31 34 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 16 14 33 36 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -son: 13 11 38 37
  2. A male given name transferred from the surname. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-Jameson-en-name-Vj3AlNl- Categories (other): English given names, English male given names, English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English terms suffixed with -son Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 18 16 31 34 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 16 14 33 36 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -son: 13 11 38 37
  3. A village in Daviess County, Missouri, United States. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Missouri, USA, Places in the United States, Villages in Missouri, USA, Villages in the United States
    Sense id: en-Jameson-en-name-pj3ZYunt Categories (other): English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English terms suffixed with -son Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 18 16 31 34 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 16 14 33 36 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -son: 13 11 38 37
  4. An extinct town in Douglas County, Washington, United States. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Washington, USA, Places in the United States
    Sense id: en-Jameson-en-name-jg~Q9mKQ Categories (other): Former settlements, English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -son, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 18 16 31 34 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 17 15 32 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 16 14 33 36 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 19 18 26 37 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -son: 13 11 38 37 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 15 13 30 42 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 17 16 28 39 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 15 14 23 48 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 13 12 24 51 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 12 11 24 53
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Jamesonian

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Jamesonian"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "James",
      "James#English"
    ],
    [
      "*sew-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sew-#Proto-Indo-European:_to_pour"
    ],
    [
      "*sewH-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sewH-#Proto-Indo-European:_give_birth"
    ],
    [
      "*suHnús",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/suHnús#Proto-Indo-European:_son"
    ],
    [
      "*sunuz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sunuz#Proto-Germanic:_son"
    ],
    [
      "*sunu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sunu#Proto-West_Germanic:_son"
    ],
    [
      "sunu",
      "sunu#Old_English:_son"
    ],
    [
      "sone",
      "sone#Middle_English:_son"
    ],
    [
      "-son",
      "-son#Middle_English:_surname_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-son",
      "-son#English"
    ],
    [
      "James",
      "James#English"
    ],
    [
      "-son",
      "-son#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "James",
        "4": "-son",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish James\nProto-Indo-European *sew-?\nProto-Indo-European *sewH-\nProto-Indo-European *suHnús\nProto-Germanic *sunuz\nProto-West Germanic *sunu\nOld English sunu\nMiddle English sone\nMiddle English -son\nEnglish -son\nEnglish Jameson\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*sunuz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*sunu\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"sunu\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"sone\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-son\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-son\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Jameson\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Jameson\">\nFrom James + -son.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish James\nProto-Indo-European *sew-?\nProto-Indo-European *sewH-\nProto-Indo-European *suHnús\nProto-Germanic *sunuz\nProto-West Germanic *sunu\nOld English sunu\nMiddle English sone\nMiddle English -son\nEnglish -son\nEnglish Jameson\nFrom James + -son.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Jamesons",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "Jameson (countable and uncountable, plural Jamesons)",
      "name": "en-prop"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 16 31 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 14 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 11 38 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -son",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A Scottish and Northern Irish surname originating as a patronymic derived from the given name James."
      ],
      "id": "en-Jameson-en-name-mcEPt4q3",
      "links": [
        [
          "Scottish",
          "Scottish"
        ],
        [
          "Northern Irish",
          "Northern Irish"
        ],
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ],
        [
          "given name",
          "given name"
        ],
        [
          "James",
          "James"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English given names",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English male given names",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 16 31 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 14 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 11 38 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -son",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A male given name transferred from the surname."
      ],
      "id": "en-Jameson-en-name-Vj3AlNl-",
      "links": [
        [
          "given name",
          "given name"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in Missouri, USA",
          "orig": "en:Places in Missouri, USA",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in the United States",
          "orig": "en:Places in the United States",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Villages in Missouri, USA",
          "orig": "en:Villages in Missouri, USA",
          "parents": [
            "Villages",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Villages in the United States",
          "orig": "en:Villages in the United States",
          "parents": [
            "Villages",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 16 31 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 14 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 11 38 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -son",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A village in Daviess County, Missouri, United States."
      ],
      "id": "en-Jameson-en-name-pj3ZYunt",
      "links": [
        [
          "village",
          "village"
        ],
        [
          "Daviess County",
          "Daviess County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Missouri",
          "Missouri#English"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Former settlements",
          "orig": "en:Former settlements",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in Washington, USA",
          "orig": "en:Places in Washington, USA",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in the United States",
          "orig": "en:Places in the United States",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 16 31 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 15 32 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 14 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 18 26 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 11 38 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -son",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 13 30 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 16 28 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 14 23 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 12 24 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 11 24 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An extinct town in Douglas County, Washington, United States."
      ],
      "id": "en-Jameson-en-name-jg~Q9mKQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "extinct",
          "extinct"
        ],
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "Douglas County",
          "Douglas County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Washington",
          "Washington#English"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒeɪməsən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Jameson"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sewH-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *suHnús",
    "English terms suffixed with -son",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Jamesonian"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "James",
      "James#English"
    ],
    [
      "*sew-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sew-#Proto-Indo-European:_to_pour"
    ],
    [
      "*sewH-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sewH-#Proto-Indo-European:_give_birth"
    ],
    [
      "*suHnús",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/suHnús#Proto-Indo-European:_son"
    ],
    [
      "*sunuz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sunuz#Proto-Germanic:_son"
    ],
    [
      "*sunu",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sunu#Proto-West_Germanic:_son"
    ],
    [
      "sunu",
      "sunu#Old_English:_son"
    ],
    [
      "sone",
      "sone#Middle_English:_son"
    ],
    [
      "-son",
      "-son#Middle_English:_surname_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-son",
      "-son#English"
    ],
    [
      "James",
      "James#English"
    ],
    [
      "-son",
      "-son#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "James",
        "4": "-son",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish James\nProto-Indo-European *sew-?\nProto-Indo-European *sewH-\nProto-Indo-European *suHnús\nProto-Germanic *sunuz\nProto-West Germanic *sunu\nOld English sunu\nMiddle English sone\nMiddle English -son\nEnglish -son\nEnglish Jameson\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*sunuz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*sunu\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"sunu\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"sone\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-son\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-son\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Jameson\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Jameson\">\nFrom James + -son.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish James\nProto-Indo-European *sew-?\nProto-Indo-European *sewH-\nProto-Indo-European *suHnús\nProto-Germanic *sunuz\nProto-West Germanic *sunu\nOld English sunu\nMiddle English sone\nMiddle English -son\nEnglish -son\nEnglish Jameson\nFrom James + -son.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Jamesons",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "Jameson (countable and uncountable, plural Jamesons)",
      "name": "en-prop"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English surnames",
        "English surnames from patronymics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A Scottish and Northern Irish surname originating as a patronymic derived from the given name James."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Scottish",
          "Scottish"
        ],
        [
          "Northern Irish",
          "Northern Irish"
        ],
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ],
        [
          "given name",
          "given name"
        ],
        [
          "James",
          "James"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English given names",
        "English male given names",
        "English male given names from surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A male given name transferred from the surname."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "given name",
          "given name"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in Missouri, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Villages in Missouri, USA",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A village in Daviess County, Missouri, United States."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "village",
          "village"
        ],
        [
          "Daviess County",
          "Daviess County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Missouri",
          "Missouri#English"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Former settlements",
        "en:Places in Washington, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An extinct town in Douglas County, Washington, United States."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "extinct",
          "extinct"
        ],
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "Douglas County",
          "Douglas County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Washington",
          "Washington#English"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒeɪməsən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Jameson"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Jameson meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.